INTRODUCTION:

Introduction of Sanitizer:

Hand Sanitizer also called hand antiseptic, handrub agent applied to the hands for the purpose of removing common pathogens. Hand sanitizers typically come in foam, gel or liquid form. Their use is recommended when soap and water are not available for hand-washing. The relationship between hand sanitizer use and reduced illness has not been firmly established by epidemiological studies, but several laboratory studies suggest hand sanitizers help to prevent infections by killing translent pathogenic bacteria.

Handwashing and hand sanitizers reduce microbial populations in different ways. Handwashing -whether done with “antibacterial” soap or plain soap- physically removes micro-organisms from the skin, literally washing the live microbes down the drain. Hand sanitizers reduce levels of micro-organisms by killing them chemically, just like disinfectants kills germs on environmental surfaces.^[1]

Types of Sanitizer:

1. Chemical Based Sanitizer

2. Natural Based Sanitizer

1. Chemical Based Sanitizer:

It has further 2 types according to alcohol content.

a. Alcohol Based Sanitizer:

Alcohol based sanitizer typically contain between 60-95% alcohol, usually in the form of ethanol, isopropanol, or n-propanol.

Disadvantages of Alcohol based Sanitizer:

1. Alcohol toxicity.

2. Itching.

3. Fire hazards.

4. Deep cracks that may bleed.

5. Redness.

6. Store alcohol-based hand sanitizers in secure locations that do not experience extremely hot temperature.^[2]

7. Highly Carcinogenic to human body.^[2]

b. Alcohol-free sanitizer:

Alcohol free products are generally based on disinfectants, such as benzalkonium chloride (BAC), or on antimicrobial agents such as triclosan.^[1]

Advantages of Alcohol-free sanitizer:

a. Improves Skin condition:

Any alcohol-free hand sanitizer will always have a better chance of being gentle on your skin because one of the biggest undesired side-effects of alcohol-based hand sanitizers is that dry your hands, especially with repeated use.

On the other hand, alcohol-free hand sanitizers normally contain some oil or aloe gel to actually help to maintain and improve skin condition and even moisturize dry hands, in case of oil-based sanitizers.

b. Non-Flammable:

Safety wise, one of the most distressing things about alcohol-based sanitizers is its potential for misuse or injury due to accidents. There have been several cases of people, particularly children, sustaining burns because of misuse, as they are not aware of the dangers of bringing open flames close to anyone using sanitizer.

This danger has been instrumental in some public places switching over to alcohol-free hand sanitizers, particularly for use in patient rooms or for hallways and public areas.

c. Pleasant, Natural Odor:

The smell of alcohol is unmistakable and many people find the smell of it offensive. This often requires a bunch of chemicals known as esters, which are added to your sanitizers just to make your hand sanitizer smell bearable to use.

Some alcohol-free sanitizers still use perfumes and some chemical fragrances to enhance their smell to make them more attractive to users, but nowadays they have taken a turn towards more natural ingredients are people become more aware.^[3]

1. Natural Sanitizer:

In our ancient era many medicinal plants are having property to fight against various bacteria, viruses etc. And these natural remedies have rarer side-effects. So by adding this natural remedies we can avoid unwanted diseases.

Introduction of Mask:

In times of a Covid-19 lockdown, your safety is really in your own hands. While it has been advised to absolutely avoid stepping out of the house unless necessary, wearing a mask when you are in a contagious area, apart from practicing a good form of hygiene is good measure.^[4]

If you show symptoms of a flu, if you belong to high-risk category and go out and Are healthcare professional.^[4]

Types of Mask:

1. Surgical Mask

2. N95 and FFP1 Masks

3. Activated carbon Mask

4. Cloth and Sponge Mask

Profile of Surgical Mask:

The most commonly available form of mask in the market, surgical masks in the market, surgical masks are the ones which are slightly loose-fitted around the mouth and used to protect a person against large splashes of droplets, water, sprays and used in medical facilities. Since they are so popular and cost-effective, they also come in a variety of sizes, colours and types.^[4]

Profile of N₉₅ and FFP₁ Mask:

The N95 mask is protection mask certified by NIOSH. “N” means not resistant to oil “95” means that when exposed to a specified number of special test particles, the particle concentration in the mask is more than 95% lower than the particle concentration outside the mask. The 95% value is not average value, but the minimum value.^[5]

Profile of activated carbon mask:

As the name suggest, these masks contain an activated carbon filter, which help collect and filter out the pollutants and germs and breath in purer air. Studies also say that carbon filters present in the mask may even improve your lung capacity and respiratory muscles, making it a good buy if you live in extremely polluted city.^[4]

Profile of Cloth and Sponge Mask:

With an acute shortage of masks supply in market and lack of protective gear available, many are turning to homemade masks made out of different fabrics like cloth and sponge.^[4]

Statics data of Patient affected by TB in 2018, 2019 and 2020 in India.

Table No 1.1: Statics data of Patient affected by TB

Year	Total People affected by TB	Total Death occur
2017	18 Lakhs	4.1 Lakhs ^[6]
2018	27 Lakhs	4.4 Lakhs ^[6]
2019	24.04 Lakhs	79,144^[6]

Statics data of Patient affected by Dengu in 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020.

Table No 1.2: Statics data of Patient affected by dengu

Year	Total People affected by Dengu	Total death Occur
2017	188401	325
2018	101192	172
2019	157315	166
2020 till July	12078	08

Statics data of Patient affected by Malaria in 2017, 2018 and 2019 in India.

Table No 1.3: Statics data of patient affected by Malaria

Year	Total People affected by Malaria	Total Death Occur
2017	9,34,8000	16,310^[7]
2018	6,73,7000	9,620^[7]
2019

Survey Report ^[8]

2. Age:

344 responses:

3. Profession:

344 responses:

4. Gender:

344 responses:

5. Any diseases/problem you were suffering before pandemic Covid-19?

344 responses:

6. Is the same diseases or problem you are suffering now?

344 responses:

7. Do you had a habit of using mask/sanitizer before pandemic?

344 responses:

8. If yes do you think that usage of mask and sanitizer after pandemic change your good hygiene habit?

342 responses:

9. Apart from maintaining good hygiene do you came across any respiratory problem while continue usage of mask?

343 responses

10. Which type of sanitizer you use?

344 responses

11. Any skin related problem/diseases you observed while using

344 responses

12. Do you know excess usage of alcoholbased sanitizers are carcinogenic to human body

344 responses

13. Any changes in your slepping pattern during pandemic?

343 responses

14. Changes in your eating pattern?

342 responses

15. Which remedies you preferred most to boost your immunity during pandemic Covid-19?

344 responses

16. Do you know that the excess usage of above remedies causes any side-effect?

342 responses

17. Do you continued the usage of immunity enhancer remedies after pandemic?

344 responses

18. Will you continue the usage of life saving factors like mask and sanitizer even after pandemic?

344 responses

19. Will you move towards more hom-made foods/hygienic foods rather than junk food even after pandemic?

344 responses

20. Do you think that pandemic Covid-19 made habitual changes related to your life?

344 responses

Hypothesis:

1. Sanitizer:

In our study it is found that alcohol based sanitizers are highly carcinogenic or cause many skin problems. After pandemic public give high preference alcohol based sanitizer but in future chances of cancer increases.

2. Mask:

In market various types of mask are present most popular N95 which is recently government banned because of it contain valves which may be not useful in stopping covid-19.

Many people response to survey that mask are beneficial in our study it was also found that if public continuous wear masks then beside covid-19 other respiratory diseases are not affected by any of these diseases.

REFERENCE:

1. https://microchemlab.com/information/introduction-hand-sanitizers.

2. https://www.safespaceco.com/alcohol-hand -sanitizers/amp/.

3. https://www.treewear.org/blogs/the-treewear-initiative/advantages-of-alcohol-free-hand-sanitizer.

4. https://m.timesofindia.com/life-style/health-fitness/health-news/4types-of-common-masks-and-how-and-if-they-help/photostory/74926268.cms

5. https://www.medpurest.com/industrial-news/introduction-news/introduction-of-n95-mask.html

6. https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/industry/tb-cases-increased -by-16-per-cent-in-india-in-2018-report/71303155.

7. https://m.jagranjosh.com/current-affairs/world-malaria-report-2019-india-reported-largest-reduction-in-malaria-cases-in-2018-1575635753-1.

8. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAlpQLSflKxmRofyTsplEs1fPjFIFMXmEItVJat851j-LoO_xNQBDg/viewform?usp=sf_link.

Received on 29.09.2020 Modified on 14.10.2020

Asian Journal of Management. 2020;11(4):524-528.

DOI: 10.5958/2321-5763.2020.00077.3